Category Archives: Uncategorized

8 -10 drops of hardener per ounce of resin or ¼ teaspoon of hardener for 6 tablespoons of resin. Read more at h ttp://bondo.com/bondo-fiberglass-resin-401.html#B6YfCt4PcaaWG7Og.99

8-10 drops of hardener per ounce of resin or ¼ teaspoon of hardener for 6 tablespoons of resin.
Read more at http://bondo.com/bondo-fiberglass-resin-401.html#B6YfCt4PcaaWG7Og.99

Mahalo

SIGNATURE:
Clifford "RAY" Hackett www.rayis.me RESUME: www.rayis.me/resume

I founded www.adapt.org in 1980 it now has over 50 million members.
$500 of material=World’s fastest hydrofoil sailboat. http://sunrun.biz

2011-US-Code-Title8-Chapter12-Subchapter3-Part2-Section1431 Title 8 – Aliens and Nationality

2011-US-Code-Title8-Chapter12-Subchapter3-Part2-Section1431
Title 8 – Aliens and Nationality

Chapter 12 – IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY (§§ 1101 – 1537)
Subchapter III – NATIONALITY AND NATURALIZATION (§§ 1401 – 1504)
Part II – Nationality Through Naturalization (§§ 1421 – 1459)
Section 1431 – Children born outside the United States and residing permanently in the United States; conditions…

8 USC § 1431 (2011)

§1431. Children born outside the United States and residing permanently in the United States; conditions under which citizenship automatically acquired

(a) A child born outside of the United States automatically becomes a citizen of the United States when all of the following conditions have been fulfilled:

(1) At least one parent of the child is a citizen of the United States, whether by birth or naturalization.

(2) The child is under the age of eighteen years.

(3) The child is residing in the United States in the legal and physical custody of the citizen parent pursuant to a lawful admission for permanent residence.

Mahalo

SIGNATURE:
Clifford "RAY" Hackett www.rayis.me RESUME: www.rayis.me/resume

I founded www.adapt.org in 1980 it now has over 50 million members.
$500 of material=World’s fastest hydrofoil sailboat. http://sunrun.biz

Declaration of Independence

IN CONGRESS, July 4, 1776.

The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America,

When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.–That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, –That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.–Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.

He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.
He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.
He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.
He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.
He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.
He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.
He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary powers.
He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.
He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harrass our people, and eat out their substance.
He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.
He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power.
He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:
For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:
For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States:
For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:
For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:
For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury:
For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences
For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies:
For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments:
For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.
He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us.
He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
He is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation.
He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands.
He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions.

In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A Prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.

Nor have We been wanting in attentions to our Brittish brethren. We have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, which, would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace Friends.

We, therefore, the Representatives of the united States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do. And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes and our sacred Honor.

The 56 signatures on the Declaration appear in the positions indicated:

Column 1
Georgia:
Button Gwinnett
Lyman Hall
George Walton

Column 2
North Carolina:
William Hooper
Joseph Hewes
John Penn
South Carolina:
Edward Rutledge
Thomas Heyward, Jr.
Thomas Lynch, Jr.
Arthur Middleton

Column 3
Massachusetts:
John Hancock
Maryland:
Samuel Chase
William Paca
Thomas Stone
Charles Carroll of Carrollton
Virginia:
George Wythe
Richard Henry Lee
Thomas Jefferson
Benjamin Harrison
Thomas Nelson, Jr.
Francis Lightfoot Lee
Carter Braxton

Column 4
Pennsylvania:
Robert Morris
Benjamin Rush
Benjamin Franklin
John Morton
George Clymer
James Smith
George Taylor
James Wilson
George Ross
Delaware:
Caesar Rodney
George Read
Thomas McKean

Column 5
New York:
William Floyd
Philip Livingston
Francis Lewis
Lewis Morris
New Jersey:
Richard Stockton
John Witherspoon
Francis Hopkinson
John Hart
Abraham Clark

Column 6
New Hampshire:
Josiah Bartlett
William Whipple
Massachusetts:
Samuel Adams
John Adams
Robert Treat Paine
Elbridge Gerry
Rhode Island:
Stephen Hopkins
William Ellery
Connecticut:
Roger Sherman
Samuel Huntington
William Williams
Oliver Wolcott
New Hampshire:
Matthew Thornton

Mahalo

SIGNATURE:
Clifford "RAY" Hackett www.rayis.me RESUME: www.rayis.me/resume

I founded www.adapt.org in 1980 it now has over 50 million members.
$500 of material=World’s fastest hydrofoil sailboat. http://sunrun.biz

Hydrofoils: Build and sail

Proposed Class

1) Submitted by:Ray Hackett P:671.967.5377 E:3659745

2) Suggested Title: Build and sail Hydrofoil Sailboats

3) Brief course description: Learn how to Build and sail Hydrofoil Sailboats
Requirements/prereqs:0 format:workshop

4) Course objectives (what students will be able to accomplish at end of session)

5) Topical course outline:

6) Materials needed (books, handouts, tools) NONE

7) Other special needs (room, a/v, etc.) NONE

8) Suggested cost: $100 day/module

9) Preferred schedule:Any

Day | Module

Day1 | Design overview

Day2 | Calculating lift

Day3 | Calculating flotation

Day4 | Materials

Day5 | Construction

Day6 | Laws

Day7 | Sailing overview

Day8 | Navigation

Day9 | Boat Handling

Day10 | Hands on

Mahalo

SIGNATURE:
Clifford "RAY" Hackett www.rayis.me RESUME: www.rayis.me/resume

I founded www.adapt.org in 1980 it now has over 50 million members.
$500 of material=World’s fastest hydrofoil sailboat. http://sunrun.biz

Muslim terrorism

As a parent who has had children beheaded by Muslim terrorists, it was hard not to be hateful until I took an objective look at some numbers. With two billion Muslims in the world if even half of them were violent this world would be long gone. The next thing that struck me it’s that murder rates in Christian countries are unknown in Muslim countries. Google about it and also Google percentile of Muslim terrorists vs. Christian terrorists.

Pure Religion

James 1:27 King James Version (KJV)

Pure religion and undefiled before God and the Father is this, To visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, and to keep himself unspotted from the world.
– People and organizations do not like that simple verse. They cannot twist or complicate it. Or manipulate people into thinking They need help to understand it.

WIKIHOW.SOLAR.CELLS.OF.GLASS.PLATES

1
Coating the Glass Plates
Obtain 2 equal-sized glass plates. Plates of the size used as covers for microscope slides would be ideal.

Clean both surfaces of the plates with alcohol. Once the plates are cleaned, handle them only by the edges.

Test the plate faces for conductivity. Do this by touching the surfaces with the leads from a multimeter. Once you have established which side of each plate is the conductive side, place them side by side, one plate conductive side up and the other conductive side down.

Apply transparent tape to the plates. This will hold the plates in place for the next step.
Place the tape along either of the long side of the plates to overlap 1 millimeter (1/25 inch) of the edges.
Place tape over the outer 4 to 5 millimeters (1/5 inch) of the conductive side up plate.

Apply a solution of titanium dioxide to the plates. Put 2 drops on the conductive side up plate, then spread it evenly over the plate surface. Allow the titanium dioxide to cover the conductive-side-down plate.
Before applying the titanium dioxide solution, you may first want to coat the plates with tin oxide.

Remove the tape and separate the plates. Now you’ll treat the 2 plates differently.
Place the conductive-side-up plate on an electric hot plate overnight to bake the titanium dioxide onto the plate.
Clean the titanium dioxide off the conductive-side-down plate and place it where it won’t collect dirt.

Prepare a shallow dish filled with dye. The dye can be made from raspberry, blackberry or pomegranate juice or by brewing a tea from red hibiscus petals.

Soak the titanium-dioxide-coated plate, coated side down, in the dye for 10 minutes.

Clean the other plate with alcohol. Do this while the titanium dioxide-coated plate is soaking.

Retest the cleaned plate to find its conductive side. Mark the side that doesn’t conduct with a plus sign (+).

Apply a thin carbon coating to the conductive side of the cleaned plate. You can do this by going over the conductive side with a pencil or by applying a graphite lubricant. Cover the entire surface.

Take the titanium-dioxide-coated plate out of the dye. Rinse it twice, first with de-ionized water and then with alcohol. Blot dry after rinsing with a clean tissue.

Part
2
Assembling the Solar Cell

Place the carbon-coated plate onto the titanium-dioxide plate so the coatings touch. The plates should be slightly offset, about 5 millimeters (1/5 inch). Use binder clips on the long edges to hold them in place.

Apply 2 drops of an iodide solution to the exposed coating. Let the solution soak through the plate coatings so they’re covered completely. You may want to open the binder clips and gently lift 1 of the plates up to allow the solution to spread over the entire surface.
The iodide solution will enable electrons to flow from the titanium-dioxide-coated plate to the carbon-coated plate when the cell is exposed to a light source. Such a solution is called an electrolyte.

Wipe excess solution off the exposed portions of the plates.

Part
3
Activating and Testing the Solar Cell

Attach an alligator clip to the exposed coated sections on either side of the solar cell.

Connect the black wire of the multimeter to the clip connected to the exposed titanium dioxide coating. This plate is the solar cell’s negative electrode, or cathode.

Connect the red wire of the multimeter to the clip connected to the exposed carbon coating. This plate is the solar cell’s positive electrode, or anode. (In a previous step, you marked it with a plus sign on its non-conductive side.)

Place the solar cell next to a light source, with the negative electrode facing the source. In a school classroom, this can be done by laying the cell on top of the lens of an overhead projector. In a home setting, another light source, such as a spotlight or the sun itself, can be substituted.

Measure the current and voltage generated by the solar cell with the multimeter. Do this both before and after the cell is exposed to light.

***
You can also make a solar cell by using 2 small sheets of brushed copper and setting 1 of them on the hot plate for half an hour until the copper turns black. Let it cool and remove the black cupric oxide coating, but leave the red cuprous oxide coating beneath it to serve as your semiconductor. You won’t need to coat the copper sheet with anything, and you’ll use a salt water solution as your electrolyte.

Warnings
Neither the coated glass plate nor the copper sheet semiconductor solar cells produce a large amount of power by themselves. Silicon is used in semiconductors because it is more efficient than either of the materials used in this article; however, individual silicon solar cells are assembled into solar panels.
Things You’ll Need
Glass plates (such as microscope slide covers)
Alcohol (ethanol recommended)
De-ionized water
Voltmeter/multimeter
Transparent tape
Petri dish or other shallow dish
Electric hot plate (1100 watts, if possible)
Titanium dioxide solution
Tin oxide solution (optional)
Carbon graphite pencil or lubricant stick
Iodide solution
Binder clips
Alligator clips
Sources and Citations
http://www.solideas.com/solrcell/english.html

Mahalo

SIGNATURE:
Clifford "RAY" Hackett www.rayis.me RESUME: www.rayis.me/resume

I founded www.adapt.org in 1980 it now has over 50 million members.
$500 of material=World’s fastest hydrofoil sailboat. http://sunrun.biz

On Sat, May 14, 2016 at 3:02 PM, Ray Hackett <3659745> wrote:

Part1
Coating the Glass Plates

  1. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 1
    1
    Obtain 2 equal-sized glass plates. Plates of the size used as covers for microscope slides would be ideal.
  2. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 2
    2
    Clean both surfaces of the plates with alcohol. Once the plates are cleaned, handle them only by the edges.
  3. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 3
    3
    Test the plate faces for conductivity. Do this by touching the surfaces with the leads from a multimeter. Once you have established which side of each plate is the conductive side, place them side by side, one plate conductive side up and the other conductive side down.
  4. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 4
    4
    Apply transparent tape to the plates. This will hold the plates in place for the next step.

    • Place the tape along either of the long side of the plates to overlap 1 millimeter (1/25 inch) of the edges.
    • Place tape over the outer 4 to 5 millimeters (1/5 inch) of the conductive side up plate.
  5. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 5
    5
    Apply a solution of titanium dioxide to the plates. Put 2 drops on the conductive side up plate, then spread it evenly over the plate surface. Allow the titanium dioxide to cover the conductive-side-down plate.

    • Before applying the titanium dioxide solution, you may first want to coat the plates with tin oxide.
  6. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 6
    6
    Remove the tape and separate the plates. Now you’ll treat the 2 plates differently.

    • Place the conductive-side-up plate on an electric hot plate overnight to bake the titanium dioxide onto the plate.
    • Clean the titanium dioxide off the conductive-side-down plate and place it where it won’t collect dirt.
  7. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 7
    7
    Prepare a shallow dish filled with dye. The dye can be made from raspberry, blackberry or pomegranate juice or by brewing a tea from red hibiscus petals.
  8. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 8
    8
    Soak the titanium-dioxide-coated plate, coated side down, in the dye for 10 minutes.
  9. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 9
    9
    Clean the other plate with alcohol. Do this while the titanium dioxide-coated plate is soaking.
  10. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 10
    10
    Retest the cleaned plate to find its conductive side. Mark the side that doesn’t conduct with a plus sign (+).
  11. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 11
    11
    Apply a thin carbon coating to the conductive side of the cleaned plate. You can do this by going over the conductive side with a pencil or by applying a graphite lubricant. Cover the entire surface.
  12. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 12
    12
    Take the titanium-dioxide-coated plate out of the dye. Rinse it twice, first with de-ionized water and then with alcohol. Blot dry after rinsing with a clean tissue.

Part2
Assembling the Solar Cell

  1. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 13
    1
    Place the carbon-coated plate onto the titanium-dioxide plate so the coatings touch. The plates should be slightly offset, about 5 millimeters (1/5 inch). Use binder clips on the long edges to hold them in place.
  2. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 14
    2
    Apply 2 drops of an iodide solution to the exposed coating. Let the solution soak through the plate coatings so they’re covered completely. You may want to open the binder clips and gently lift 1 of the plates up to allow the solution to spread over the entire surface.

    • The iodide solution will enable electrons to flow from the titanium-dioxide-coated plate to the carbon-coated plate when the cell is exposed to a light source. Such a solution is called an electrolyte.
  3. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 15
    3
    Wipe excess solution off the exposed portions of the plates.

Part3
Activating and Testing the Solar Cell

  1. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 16
    1
    Attach an alligator clip to the exposed coated sections on either side of the solar cell.
  2. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 17
    2
    Connect the black wire of the multimeter to the clip connected to the exposed titanium dioxide coating. This plate is the solar cell’s negative electrode, or cathode.
  3. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 18
    3
    Connect the red wire of the multimeter to the clip connected to the exposed carbon coating. This plate is the solar cell’s positive electrode, or anode. (In a previous step, you marked it with a plus sign on its non-conductive side.)
  4. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 19
    4
    Place the solar cell next to a light source, with the negative electrode facing the source. In a school classroom, this can be done by laying the cell on top of the lens of an overhead projector. In a home setting, another light source, such as a spotlight or the sun itself, can be substituted.
  5. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 20
    5
    Measure the current and voltage generated by the solar cell with the multimeter.Do this both before and after the cell is exposed to light.

Mahalo

SIGNATURE:
Clifford "RAY" Hackett www.rayis.me RESUME: www.rayis.me/resume

I founded www.adapt.org in 1980 it now has over 50 million members.
$500 of material=World’s fastest hydrofoil sailboat. http://sunrun.biz

WIKIHOW.SOLAR.CELLS.OF.GLASS.PLATES

Part1
Coating the Glass Plates

  1. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 1
    1
    Obtain 2 equal-sized glass plates. Plates of the size used as covers for microscope slides would be ideal.
  2. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 2
    2
    Clean both surfaces of the plates with alcohol. Once the plates are cleaned, handle them only by the edges.
  3. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 3
    3
    Test the plate faces for conductivity. Do this by touching the surfaces with the leads from a multimeter. Once you have established which side of each plate is the conductive side, place them side by side, one plate conductive side up and the other conductive side down.
  4. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 4
    4
    Apply transparent tape to the plates. This will hold the plates in place for the next step.

    • Place the tape along either of the long side of the plates to overlap 1 millimeter (1/25 inch) of the edges.
    • Place tape over the outer 4 to 5 millimeters (1/5 inch) of the conductive side up plate.
  5. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 5
    5
    Apply a solution of titanium dioxide to the plates. Put 2 drops on the conductive side up plate, then spread it evenly over the plate surface. Allow the titanium dioxide to cover the conductive-side-down plate.

    • Before applying the titanium dioxide solution, you may first want to coat the plates with tin oxide.
  6. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 6
    6
    Remove the tape and separate the plates. Now you’ll treat the 2 plates differently.

    • Place the conductive-side-up plate on an electric hot plate overnight to bake the titanium dioxide onto the plate.
    • Clean the titanium dioxide off the conductive-side-down plate and place it where it won’t collect dirt.
  7. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 7
    7
    Prepare a shallow dish filled with dye. The dye can be made from raspberry, blackberry or pomegranate juice or by brewing a tea from red hibiscus petals.
  8. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 8
    8
    Soak the titanium-dioxide-coated plate, coated side down, in the dye for 10 minutes.
  9. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 9
    9
    Clean the other plate with alcohol. Do this while the titanium dioxide-coated plate is soaking.
  10. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 10
    10
    Retest the cleaned plate to find its conductive side. Mark the side that doesn’t conduct with a plus sign (+).
  11. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 11
    11
    Apply a thin carbon coating to the conductive side of the cleaned plate. You can do this by going over the conductive side with a pencil or by applying a graphite lubricant. Cover the entire surface.
  12. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 12
    12
    Take the titanium-dioxide-coated plate out of the dye. Rinse it twice, first with de-ionized water and then with alcohol. Blot dry after rinsing with a clean tissue.

Part2
Assembling the Solar Cell

  1. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 13
    1
    Place the carbon-coated plate onto the titanium-dioxide plate so the coatings touch. The plates should be slightly offset, about 5 millimeters (1/5 inch). Use binder clips on the long edges to hold them in place.
  2. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 14
    2
    Apply 2 drops of an iodide solution to the exposed coating. Let the solution soak through the plate coatings so they’re covered completely. You may want to open the binder clips and gently lift 1 of the plates up to allow the solution to spread over the entire surface.

    • The iodide solution will enable electrons to flow from the titanium-dioxide-coated plate to the carbon-coated plate when the cell is exposed to a light source. Such a solution is called an electrolyte.
  3. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 15
    3
    Wipe excess solution off the exposed portions of the plates.

Part3
Activating and Testing the Solar Cell

  1. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 16
    1
    Attach an alligator clip to the exposed coated sections on either side of the solar cell.
  2. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 17
    2
    Connect the black wire of the multimeter to the clip connected to the exposed titanium dioxide coating. This plate is the solar cell’s negative electrode, or cathode.
  3. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 18
    3
    Connect the red wire of the multimeter to the clip connected to the exposed carbon coating. This plate is the solar cell’s positive electrode, or anode. (In a previous step, you marked it with a plus sign on its non-conductive side.)
  4. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 19
    4
    Place the solar cell next to a light source, with the negative electrode facing the source. In a school classroom, this can be done by laying the cell on top of the lens of an overhead projector. In a home setting, another light source, such as a spotlight or the sun itself, can be substituted.
  5. Image titled Make Solar Cells Step 20
    5
    Measure the current and voltage generated by the solar cell with the multimeter.Do this both before and after the cell is exposed to light.

Mahalo

SIGNATURE:
Clifford "RAY" Hackett www.rayis.me RESUME: www.rayis.me/resume

I founded www.adapt.org in 1980 it now has over 50 million members.
$500 of material=World’s fastest hydrofoil sailboat. http://sunrun.biz